Emma Cons (1838 – 24 July 1912) was a British social reformer, educationalist and theatre manager.
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Born in St. Pancras London,[1] she trained as an artist and joined the Ladies' Co-operative Art Guild, London, run by Caroline Hill, mother of the future housing reformer and founder of the National Trust, Octavia Hill. As Cons's father Frederick Cons was suffering from ill health, she needed to work and the Guild helped her get work as an illuminator as well as restoring manuscripts for John Ruskin. Cons also tried working as a watch engraver, and as a stained glass designer but experienced harassment from men who resented a woman working amongst them.
From 1864, Cons worked for Octavia Hill as a rent collector, starting work at Barrett's Court, Oxford Street. Later Cons moved to South London, and in 1879 she established the South London Dwellings Company around Surrey Lodge, Lambeth, near to Waterloo Station.
In 1889 Cons became the first ever woman alderman on the London County Council (LCC), working alongside the first elected women members Jane Cobden (elected for Bow and Bromley) and Lady Sandhurst (elected for Brixton). The elections were challenged by anti-suffragists, but as Cons had not been elected, she had been asked by the LCC Progressives to become an alderman, and it was difficult to challenge her position.
When she voted, however, she became liable for a fine: De Souza v. Cobden, which reached the Court of Appeal in 1891, ruled Cobden and Cons could legally be members of the council but could not vote. After this, Cons's commitment to the cause of women's suffrage was energetic, and she served on the Committee for the Return of Women as Councillors, became Vice-President of The Women's Local Government Society, and Vice President of the Women's Liberal Federation.
Cons also helped found Swanley Horticultural College (now Wye College part of University of London), in 1892, the first such college for women, and she founded Morley College for working men and women, aided by money donated by Bristol based millionaire and philanthropist, Samuel Morley.
Cons also founded the Working Girls Home, a hostel in Drury Lane, London, and she established various crèches and clinics for women including what was described as 'the Home for Feeble-Minded girls' at Bodmin.
In 1880, Emma Cons, re-opened what is now the Old Vic Theatre[2] in Lambeth, south London, as the Royal Victoria Coffee and Music Hall. It was 'a cheap and decent place of amusement on strict temperance lines'. Through this initiative, she brought the plays of William Shakespeare and also opera to working class people.
In 1896, Cons devoted her autumn holiday in Cyprus to trying to help refugee Armenians, who had fled from persecution in Turkey. In 1908, Cons became the first woman to speak at the Institute of Directors, on behalf of the South London Dwellings Company.
Emma Cons died on 24 July 1912, of a cerebral haemorrhage, at Chippen's Bank, Hever, Kent, home of her friend, Ethel Everest.
Her niece, Lilian Baylis (1874–1937),[3] assisted in running the Old Vic.
Plaques honouring Emma Cons are displayed outside the Old Vic on the corner with Waterloo Road and in the basement area bar. Another round blue plaque was put up by the Greater London Council, on the street wall of 136 Seymour Place, Marylebone, where she lived and worked. Today, The West London Day Centre is in this building.